Tapping into Your Own Immune System

Is that the best answer for incurable prostate cancer?

A rather new approach in treating prostate cancer is to use vaccines. The only prostate cancer vaccine to be approved so far is Provenge (sipuleucel-T) which was approved in 2010 to treat late stage prostate cancer and it is now being tested in trials to see if it can help at earlier stages (when your immune system is stronger).

A unique feature of vaccines is that they often use your own cancer cells to stimulate your immune system to identify and kill cancer cells. And the side effects are usually less severe than with other treatments. Cancer vaccines (immunotherapy) work much the same as the vaccines you have had for smallpox, measles, and other diseases, except it has been far more difficult with cancer. Unlike infections, which are caused by foreign organisms invading your body, cancer comes from within and therefore is much better at evading your immune system.

Some patients respond successfully to vaccines and others do not. Why that happens is still a mystery and the focus of research.

There are other vaccines being tested to find out if they might be effective in slowing or stopping prostate cancer. If you think a vaccine sounds like a good approach, here are a few names to check out at the National Cancer Institute.

·       Provenge (sipuleucel-T) already approved for late stage treatment, but new trials for earlier stage treatment use are being conducted.

·       Yervoy (ipilimumab) already approved for metastatic melanoma and in trials for prostate cancer.

·       Cabozantinib (XL184) in trials for thyroid cancer and recently for prostate cancer.

·       Dendritic Cell Vaccine Study DC/PC3 currently in phase I (safety) and phase II studies.

Progress is slow and the cost of using these vaccines has been very high. But the progress has been consistent and that’s always a good result when you’re looking for your own magic bullet or maybe just to slow down that damnable rising PSA.

axman